May 21, 2024  
Basic Course Information Catalog 2019-2020 
    
Basic Course Information Catalog 2019-2020 [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

RET2714 - Pediatric/Neonatal Respiratory Care







4 hours Lecture, 4 credit(s)

Lower-Division College Credit

Prerequisite(s): RET 1485 and RET 1293

AA Elective: No

Academic Dean’s Contact Information

LAKELAND DEAN’S OFFICE: LLC 2255              PHONE: (863) 297-1024
WINTER HAVEN DEAN’S OFFICE: WSC 101      PHONE: (863) 297-1020

 

Course Description:
This course discusses the development and physiology of the fetal and neonatal lung, as well as perinatal circulation and neonatal pulmonary disorders. The curriculum includes treatment of prenatal patients with an emphasis on respiratory care techniques, airway management and mechanical ventilation, pediatric therapy, and drugs and dosages associated with pediatric and neonatal patients.



Polk State College Mission and Program Outcomes

Polk State College, a quality-driven institution serving Polk County and beyond, transforms students’ lives through the power of teaching and lifelong learning by providing access to affordable associate and baccalaureate degrees, career certificates, and workforce employment programs, delivered through various modalities and innovative technologies and by diverse, qualified faculty and staff. In line with this purpose, Polk State’s Associate in Science and baccalaureate degree programs develop competence in various career-related skills. This course focuses on the development of competencies related to the following program outcomes:

 

  1. To acquaint the student with the normal and abnormal states of cardiopulmonary physiology which are observed and/or treated in the clinical setting.
  2. To develop within the student a clear idea of his/her role, responsibilities, ethics and professional conduct to the patient, the physician and other members of the health care team.
  3. To acquaint the student with the equipment, medical gases, and medications which are utilized by the respiratory care profession.
  4. To promote and aid students in developing good study habits which will be a resource for continued personal and professional growth.

Course Objectives:

The student will be able to:

  1. Describe the fetal cardiopulmonary system from the earliest developmental stages until the time of birth.
  2. Describe the changes in the cardiopulmonary system which occurs after the birthing process is complete.
  3. Describe the changes which occur in the cardiopulmonary system from the time of birth until the growth process ends.
  4. List and describe several methods of assessment prior to and after the birthing process including physical and radiographic techniques.
  5. Describe the major diseases, syndromes and conditions which affect the newborn including genetic, congenital and developmental in nature and review infection control.
  6. Describe the major diseases, syndromes, disorders and conditions which affect the pediatric patient including genetic, congenital and developmental in nature 
  7. Describe oxygen therapy modalities including continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) used while treating newborn and pediatric patients.
  8. List and describe the type and dosage of medications used in the treatment of neonatal and pediatric disease processes.
  9. Describe and give indications for diagnostic procedures including arterial blood gases, chest radiography and other cardiopulmonary diagnostic procedures for the newborn and pediatric patient.
  10. Describe the indications for and proper application of airway care and chest physiotherapy in the newborn and pediatric patient.
  11. List and describe types of mechanical ventilators used in the treatment of the newborn and pediatric patient.
  12. Describe the various modalities of mechanical ventilation used in the treatment of the newborn and pediatric patient.
  13. Describe the role of special treatment interventions including extracorpeal membrane oxygenation and surfactant replacement therapy for the newborn patient.
  14. Describe the treatment plan, personnel and the various diagnostic and therapeutic modalities used in pediatric home care.
  15. List and describe various developmental outcomes in terms of physical, psychological, social and environmental factors.
  16. Describe the procedures used for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) for the newborn and pediatric patient.


Course Content:

I. Cardiopulmonary Development 
        A. Placental Gas Exchange 
        B. Phases of Lung Development
        C. Cardiac Development

II. Physiologic Development
        A. Transition Period 
        B. Lung Growth
        C. Mechanics of Ventilation
        D. Ventilation

III. Patient Assessment
        A. Evaluation of the Neonatal Patient
        B. Evaluation of Pediatric Patients

IV. Radiographic Evaluation
        A. Patient Position and Beam Projection
        B. Respiratory Distress in Newborn 
        C. Tube Positions
        D. Extra-Alveolar Air
        E. Intrathoracic Fluid Collections
        F. Respiratory Distress in Infants
        G. Respiratory Distress in Children

V. Neonatal Parenchymal Disease 
        A. Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome
        B. Pulmonary Interstitial Emphysema
        C. Aspiration Syndromes
        D. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia and Neonatal Chronic Lung Disease
        E. Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn 
        F. Pulmonary Hemorrhage
        G. Neonatal Pneumonia

VI. Pediatric Parenchymal Diseases
        A. Infectious Pneumonitis
        B. Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
        C. Cystic Fibrosis 
        D. Noninfectious Pneumonitis
        E. Smoke Inhalation Injury
        F. Hydrocarbon Aspiration
        G. Chlorine Inhalation

VII. Obstructive Airway Diseases in Infants and Children
        A. Pathophysiologic Effects of Airway Obstruction 
        B. Obstructive Diseases of the Upper Airway
        C. Obstructive Diseases of the Lower Airway

VIII. Surgical Lesions of Pediatric Airway and Lungs 
        A. Lesions of the Pediatric Airway
        B. Lesions of Lung
        C. Lesions of Diaphragm

IX. Congenital Heart Disease
        A. Fetal Circulation
        B. Congenital Heart Disease 
            1. Classification
            2. Clinical Presentation 
        C. Effects of Congenital Heart Disease on Pulmonary Function and Management
        D. Use of Prostaglandin in Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease and Effects on Respiratory Care 
        E. Effect of Surgical Intervention on Respiratory Care
        F. Ductal Closure and Effect on Respiratory Care
        G. New Modalities in Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease 

X. Apnea of Prematurity
        A. Control of Breathing Rhythm
        B. Definition and Epidemiology of Apnea of Prematurity 
        C. Pathogenesis of Apnea of Prematurity
        D. Evaluation and Therapy
        E. Persistent Apnea and Home Monitoring

XI. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Apnea Disorders
        A. Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
        B. Apnea 
        C. Obstructive Sleep Apnea

XII. Respiratory Care of the Neurologically Injured and Neuromuscular Impaired Child
        A. Head Injuries 
        B. Reye Syndrome
        C. Neuromuscular Disease in Children 
        D. Respiratory Therapy of Neuromuscular Diseases in Children

XIII. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Children
        A. Definition
        B. Incidence
        C. Etiology
        D. Clinical Features 
        E. Pathology
        F. Physiology
        G. Mechanisms of Lung Injury
        H. Management
        I. Cardiovascular Support 
        J. Respiratory Support
        K. Management of Ventilation
        L. Infection 
        M. Nutrition
        N. Investigation and Extraordinary Therapy
        O. High-Frequency Ventilation
        P. Pharmacology Interventions
        Q. Complications 
        R. Outcome

XIV. Oxygen Therapy
        A. Indications 
        B. Signs and Symptoms
        C. Principles of Oxygen Administration
        D. Oxygen Devices 
        E. Hazards of Oxygen Therapy
        F. Resuscitation Bags
        G. Use of Hyperbaric Oxygen in Pediatric Patients

XV. Pharmacology
        A. Maternal Medications 
        B. Aerosolized Medications
        C. Methylxanthines 
        D. Medications for Control of Ventilation
        E. Medications for Treatment of Infections
        F. Corticosteroids 
        G. Medications Used in Resuscitation
        H. Future of Aerosol Therapy

XVI. Continuous Positive Airway Pressure 
        A. Definition
        B. Physiology
        C. Applications
        D. Hazards
        E. Systems 
        F. Resistors
        G. Devices
        H. Complications

XVII. Airway Care and Chest Physiotherapy
        A. Suctioning
        B. Endotracheal Intubation 
        C. Tracheotomy
        D. Extubation
        E. Chest Physiotherapy
        F. PEP Therapy

XVIII. Arterial Blood Gas Monitoring and Other Cardiopulmonary Monitoring
        A. Blood Gas Interpretation 
        B. Invasive Blood Gas Sampling
        C. Noninvasive Blood Gas Monitoring 
        D. Capnometry

XIX. Mechanical Ventilation
        A. Neonatal Ventilation
        B. Indications for Mechanical Ventilation in Neonates
        C. Weaning from Ventilation
        D. High-Frequency Ventilation 
        E. Pediatric Ventilation
        F. Indications for Mechanical Ventilation in Pediatric Patients
        G. Pediatric Ventilator Parameter Management 
        H. Negative Pressure Ventilation
        I. Pressure Support
        J. Pressure-Controlled Inverse Ratio Ventilation
        K. Weaning Pediatric Patients from Ventilation
        L. Hazards of Mechanical Ventilation

XX. Mechanical Ventilators 
        A. Baby Bird
        B. Bear Cub BP-2001 
        C. Bio-Med MVP-10
        D. Emerson 3MV-PED
        E. Infant Star 
        F. Sechrist IV-100B
        G. Servo 900-C
        H. Newport Breeze
        I. V.I.P. Bird
        J. Babylog 8000 (Drager) 
        K. Life Pulse

XXI. Transport
        A. Regionalization
        B. Transport Team Composition
        C. Modes of Transportation
        D. Stabilization 
        E. Transport of Older Children
        F. Equipment

XXII. Surfactant Replacement Therapy 
        A. Endogenous Surfactant
        B. Exogenous Surfactant Preparations
        C. Administration 
        D. Benefits
        E. Adverse Effects
        F. Unresolved Issues
        G. Recommendations

XXIII. Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
        A. Development of ECMO 
        B. Patient Population
        C. Cannulation
        D. Venoarterial and Venovenous
        E. Components of an ECMO Circuit
        F. Gas Transfer 
        G. Routine ECMO Care
        H. Weaning from ECMO Support (Cycling)
        I. Decannulation
        J. Results
        K. Future

XXIV. Pediatric Home Care 
        A. Discharge Process
        B. Discharge Readiness
        C. Therapeutic Procedures
        D. Home Apnea Monitoring
        E. Airway Management 
        F. Mechanical Ventilation
        G. Appendix

XXV. Developmental Outcomes 
        A. Infant Mortality and Morbidity
        B. Research Designs and Follow-Up Programs
        C. Environmental Effects

XXVI. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Advanced Life Support
        A. Resuscitation
        B. Pediatric Basic Life Support (PBLS) 
        C. Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS)
        D. Neonatal Resuscitation

 

Textbook and Other Requirements

Textbook information is provided in the course syllabus, at the campus bookstore, on the campus bookstore website (www.polk.bncollege.com), or via the “Shop Textbooks” button on the PASSPORT schedule of classes.

 

College-Level Communication and Computation Skills

State Rule 6A-10.030 does not apply to this course.

 

Student Help

The professor is available for help during posted hours and by appointment during other non-class hours. Each student is encouraged to seek assistance from the professor. To further the educational process, the Learning Resources Centers, comprised of the campus Teaching/Learning and Computing Centers (TLCCs), JDA Student Success Center, and campus libraries, are available for student use. Each resource provides qualified staff and up-to-date equipment and facilities to promote academic success. The TLCCs and JDA Student Success Center provide tutoring services, computing resources, and other instructional support. The library provides information resources, individual and group study space, research assistance, information literacy instruction, and computing resources. Each facility provides free wireless access to the Internet. The Polk State College Library, Student Success Center, and TLCC hours of operation and tutoring schedules are posted at each facility and on the College website.

 

Withdrawing From a Course

A student may officially withdraw from a course during any given term, provided he or she follows the appropriate policy and procedure. Following the conclusion of the Drop period, students may officially withdraw without receiving a grade from any course, provided they do so no later than the published withdrawal deadline. The published deadline reflects approximately (but no more than) 70% of the term, based upon the course’s scheduled duration. It is the student’s responsibility to submit these withdrawal forms; failure to do so may result in a grade of F in the course. Under the Forgiveness Policy, a student is allowed only three attempts in any one course: one initial enrollment and two repeats. A student is not allowed to withdraw from a third course attempt. Limited admission programs may have specific guidelines regarding course withdrawal that vary from this policy; these guidelines are listed in the specific program handbooks. If a student stops attending class, the grade earned, usually an F, is assigned and posted. Prior to withdrawing from a course, the student should consult with the Financial Aid Office to determine what impact, if any, withdrawal from the course will have on his or her financial aid status. A student cannot use course withdrawal to avoid academic dishonesty penalties. A student who has been penalized for academic dishonesty in a course is not eligible to withdraw from the course.

 

Repeating a Course

Under the Forgiveness Policy, a student is allowed only three attempts in any one college credit course: one initial enrollment and two repeats. Under certain circumstances, a student may petition to repeat a credit course beyond the third attempt. Limited admission programs may have specific guidelines regarding repeating courses that vary from this policy; these guidelines are listed in the specific handbooks. The student should be aware that repeating a course may result in a higher course cost. A course cannot be repeated unless the previously earned grade is a D, F, or W (the Polk State Catalog provides further details regarding this process). Prior to repeating a course, the student should consult with the Financial Aid Office to determine what impact, if any, repeating the course will have on his or her financial aid status.

 

Academic Dishonesty

Each student is responsible for his or her work. It is assumed that each student is honest and will abide by this standard; however, in the event that there is an indication or suspicion of cheating or plagiarism, the situation shall be dealt with in accordance with the published College policy. Copies of this policy are available in the Student Services Office. More specific information can be found in the Course Syllabus.

 

Information Technology Access/Use Policy

The information technology resources provided by Polk State College (this includes, but is not limited to, telephones, computers, the Polk State Local Area and Wide Area Networks, and the Internet) must be used for academic purposes only. Use of these resources is a privilege, not a right. Inappropriate use can result in revocation or suspension of this privilege.

 

Equal Access/Opportunity

Polk State College is an equal access/equal opportunity institution committed to excellence through diversity in education and employment. The College complies with all state and federal laws granting rights to students, employees, and applicants for employment or admission to the College. Polk State College does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, ethnicity, sex, age, religion, sexual orientation, marital status, veteran status, genetic information, disability, or pregnancy in its programs, activities, or employment.

The following person has been designated to handle inquiries regarding the non-discrimination policies:
Valparisa Baker
Director, Equity and Diversity (Title IX Coordinator)
999 Avenue H NE
Winter Haven, FL 33881
Office: WAD 227
Telephone: (863) 292-3602
e-mail: vbaker@polk.edu

 

Equal Opportunity For Students With Disabilities

The College complies with The Americans with Disabilities Act and provides equal educational opportunity for qualified individuals. A student with a disability who requires special accommodations or auxiliary aids under The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) should contact the Coordinator or Director of Disability Services. Note: Limited admission programs may have performance restrictions that apply. Restrictions (where applicable) are outlined in each program’s student handbook.

 

Evaluative Criteria:

Students will be graded and evaluated on the following criteria: Attendance, behavior, clinical assignments, clinical paperwork, and evaluations. The syllabus for this course further outlines the evaluative criteria.

 


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