May 19, 2024  
Basic Course Information Catalog 2021-2022 
    
Basic Course Information Catalog 2021-2022 [ARCHIVED CATALOG]

RET1485 - Cardiopulmonary Anatomy and Physiology







3 hours Lecture, 3 credit(s)

Lower-Division College Credit

Prerequisite(s): BSC 2085C, ENC 1101, and MAC 1105

AA Elective: No

Academic Dean’s Contact Information

LAKELAND DEAN’S OFFICE: LLC 2255              PHONE: (863) 297-1024
WINTER HAVEN DEAN’S OFFICE: WSC 101      PHONE: (863) 297-1020

 

Course Description:
This course provides a detailed study of the structure and function of the heart and lungs, including their interdependency. The course discusses acid-base physiology including arterial blood gas interpretation and its relationship to normal and abnormal physiologic states.



Polk State College Mission and Program Outcomes

Polk State College, a quality-driven institution serving Polk County and beyond, transforms students’ lives through the power of teaching and lifelong learning by providing access to affordable associate and baccalaureate degree programs, career certificates, and workforce employment programs, delivered through various modalities and innovative technologies by diverse, qualified faculty and staff. In line with this purpose, Polk State’s Associate in Science and baccalaureate degree programs develop competence in various career-related skills. This course focuses on the development of competencies related to the following program outcomes:

 

  1. To provide the student with a sound basis in the scientific principles which form the foundation of respiratory care practice.
  2. To acquaint the student with the normal and abnormal states of cardiopulmonary physiology which are observed and/or treated in the clinical setting.
  3. To promote and aid students in developing good study habits which will be a resource for continued personal and professional growth.

Course Objectives:

The student will (be)

  1. Identify, describe and discuss the structure and function of the lungs and heart to 78% proficiency on a written test.
  2. Define and describe the processes, and name the respiratory therapy method(s) of treatment to 78% proficiency on a written test.
  3. Interpret arterial blood gas results to 78% proficiency on a written test.


Course Content:

The foundation for cardiopulmonary anatomy and physiology is formed. Normal and abnormal physiology will be presented. Acid-base physiology to include arterial blood puncture techniques and interpretation of the arterial blood analysis will be discussed.

I.       Anatomy of the Pulmonary System
         A.  Upper Airways
         B.  Lower Airways
         C.  Lungs

II.      Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System
         A.  Position in Thorax
         B.  Heart Tissue
         C.  Heart Chambers
         D.  Heart Valves
         E.  Great Vessels
         F.  Coronary Vessels
         G.  Pulmonary Circulation
         H.  Systemic Circulation

III.     Physiology of the Pulmonary System
         A.  Ventilation and Respiration
         B.  Mechanics of Ventilation
              1.  Lung-thorax relationships
              2.  Respiratory muscles
              3.  Compliance and elastance
              4.  Inhalation and exhalation mechanics
                   a.  Airway resistance
                   b.  Thoracic resistance
                   c.   The role of surfactant
                   d.   Elastic forces
                   e.   Dead space
              5.  Costal versus diaphragmatic ventilation
              6.   Lung volumes and capacities
         C.  Regulation of Ventilation
              1.   Central chemoreceptors
              2.   Peripheral chemoreceptors
         D.  Ventilation/Perfusion Ratio
              1.   Pulmonary perfusion
              2.   Pulmonary Ventilation
              3.   Normal and abnormal ratios
                    a.   Shunts
                    b.   Deadspace
              4.   Ventilation and perfusion in relation to gravity
         E.  Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport
              1.   Diffusion
                    a.    Pressure gradient
                    b.    Alveolar-capillary membrane
                    c.    Shunts and Deadspace
                    d.    PaO2 and PaCO2
              2.   Hemoglobin
              3.   Plasma
              4.   PaO2 and PaCO2
              5.   Oxygen dissociation curve
              6.   Carbon dioxide dissociation curve
              7.   Oxygen content
              8.   Normal blood gas values
        F.   Acid-Base Balance
              1.   pH scale
              2.   Henderson-Hasselbalch equation
              3.   Ratio of HCO3 to CO2
              4.   Interpretation of blood gases
                    a.     Respiratory acidemia
                    b.     Respiratory alkalemia
                    c.      Metabolic academia
                    d.      Metabolic alkalemia
              5.   Compensation of acid-base disorders
        G.   Hypoxia
              1.   Types:
                    a.      Hypoxic
                    b.      Stagnant
                    c.      Histotoxic
                    d.      Anemic
               2.  Clinical Symptoms (Hypoxia and Hypoxemia)
               3.  Chronic hypoxemia

IV.    Cardiovascular Physiology
        A.    Systemic Circulation
        B.   Pulmonary Circulation
        C.   Electrophysiology of the Heart
              1.   Systole and diastole
              2.   Electrocardiography
                    a.     The normal ECG (Electrocardiography)
                    b.     Life threatening arrhythmias

 

Textbook and Other Requirements

Textbook information is provided in the course syllabus, at the campus bookstore, on the campus bookstore website (www.polk.bncollege.com), or via the “Shop Textbooks” button on the PASSPORT schedule of classes.

 

College-Level Communication and Computation Skills

State Rule 6A-10.030 does not apply to this course.

 

Student Help

The professor is available for help during posted hours, and the student is encouraged to seek assistance whenever it is needed. To further the educational process, the Learning Resources Centers, comprised of the campus Teaching/Learning and Computing Centers (TLCCs), JD Alexander (JDA) Student Success Center, and campus libraries, are available for student use. Each resource provides qualified staff and up-to-date equipment and facilities to promote academic success. The TLCCs and JDA Student Success Center provide tutoring services, computing resources, and other instructional support. The library provides information resources, individual and group study space, research assistance, information literacy instruction, and computing resources. Each facility provides free wireless access to the Internet. The Polk State College Library, Student Success Center, and TLCC hours of operation and tutoring schedules are posted at each facility and on the College’s website.

 

Withdrawing From a Course

A student may officially withdraw from a course during any given term, provided he or she follows the appropriate policy and procedure. Following the conclusion of the Drop Period, a student may officially withdraw from any course without receiving a grade, provided this is done before the published withdrawal deadline. The published deadline reflects approximately (but no more than) 70% of the term, based upon the course’s scheduled duration. It is the student’s responsibility to submit these withdrawal forms; failure to do so may result in a grade of F in the course. Under the Forgiveness Policy, a student is allowed only three attempts in any one course: one initial enrollment and two repeats. A student is not allowed to withdraw from a third course attempt. Limited-admission programs may have specific guidelines regarding course withdrawal that vary from this policy; these guidelines are listed in each specific program’s handbook.

If a student stops attending class, the grade earned (usually an F) is assigned and posted. Prior to withdrawing from a course, the student should consult with the Financial Aid Office to determine what impact, if any, course withdrawal may have on his or her financial-aid status. A student cannot use course withdrawal to avoid academic dishonesty penalties. A student who is engaged in processes related to academic dishonesty in a course is not eligible to withdraw from the course.

 

Repeating a Course

Under the Forgiveness Policy, a student is allowed only three attempts in any one college-credit course: one initial enrollment and two repeats. Under certain circumstances, a student may petition to repeat a credit course beyond the third attempt. Limited-admission programs may have specific guidelines regarding course repeats that vary from this policy; these guidelines are listed in each specific program’s handbook. The student should be aware that repeating a course may result in a higher course cost. A course cannot be repeated unless the previously earned grade is a D, F, or W (the Polk State College Catalog provides further details regarding this process). Prior to repeating a course, the student should consult with the Financial Aid Office to determine what impact, if any, repeating the course may have on his or her financial-aid status.

 

Academic Dishonesty

The student is responsible for his or her work. It is assumed that each student is honest and abides by this standard; however, in the event that there is an indication or suspicion of cheating or plagiarism, the situation is dealt with in accordance with the published College policy. Copies of this policy are available in the Student Services Office. More specific information regarding academic dishonesty can be found in the instructor’s Course Syllabus.

 

Information Technology Access/Use Policy

The information technology resources provided by Polk State College (including, but not limited to, telephones, computers, the Polk State Local Area and Wide Area Networks, and the Internet) must be used for academic purposes only. Use of these resources is a privilege, not a right. Inappropriate use can result in revocation or suspension of this privilege.

 

Equal Access/Opportunity

Polk State College is an equal access/equal opportunity institution committed to excellence through diversity in education and employment. The College complies with all state and federal laws granting rights to students, employees, and applicants for employment or admission to the College. Polk State College does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, ethnicity, sex, age, religion, sexual orientation, marital status, veteran status, genetic information, disability, or pregnancy in its programs, activities, or employment.

The following person has been designated to handle inquiries regarding non-discrimination policies:
Lonnie Thompson
Chief Diversity Officer
999 Avenue H NE
Winter Haven, FL 33881
Office: WAD 227
Telephone: (863) 292-3602
e-mail: lthompson@polk.edu

 

Equal Opportunity For Students With Disabilities

The College complies with The Americans with Disabilities Act and provides equal educational opportunity for qualified individuals. A student with a disability who requires special accommodations or auxiliary aids under The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) should contact the Coordinator or Director of Disability Services.

Note: Limited-admission programs may have performance restrictions that apply. Restrictions (where applicable) are outlined in each program’s student handbook.

 

Video and/or Audio Recording

Video and/or audio recording in a college class are strictly regulated by State and Federal law, in addition to Polk State College Policy. Improper video and/or audio recordings made in a college classroom, or the improper sharing of such recordings, exposes the recording student to serious potential legal liability. Students are strongly cautioned to make informed choices in compliance with State and Federal law, as well as College Policy, when debating whether to make audio and/or video recordings in class.

An enrolled student may record video and/or audio of a class lecture for personal educational use, including in support of disability accommodations. A lecture is defined as: a formal or methodical oral presentation, given by the instructor as part of a college course, that is intended to present information or teach enrolled students about a particular subject. A lecture may be presented live, online, or in-person by the course professor.

A lecture recording may not be shared or published without the written permission of the professor. All supportive disability accommodation-based audio and/or video lecture recording activity must receive prior written approval from the Polk State College Office of Disability Services and the course professor.

It is important to be respectful of students’ rights to privacy; with this in mind, College policy stipulates that students should not record peers during lectures, class discussions, student presentations, labs, group work, and private conversations. Recording a student without his or her consent could have legal consequences, including a possible violation of State and/or Federal law and the Polk State College Student Code of Conduct.

If a professor becomes aware of a violation of the student recording policy, he or she is able to address this through the College, including the assignment of sanctions (District Board of Trustees Rule 4.01 and Polk State Procedure 5028: Student Code of Conduct: Sanctions and Assignment of Penalties for Violations). This is in addition to other liabilities, as aforementioned.

 

COVID-19

Polk State College is committed to the health and safety of students, faculty, and staff. Members of the College community are expected to assume personal responsibility to keep themselves and others healthy and safe. Before coming to campus each day:

  • Each student must self-screen for COVID-19 symptoms. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides a list of COVID-19 symptoms (www.cdc.gov/coronavirus).
  • A student who is experiencing illness or symptoms of COVID-19 should not come to campus. The student must notify his or her professor by email within one business day of the absence and should notify a healthcare provider if symptoms worsen.
  • A student must self-report if he or she becomes ill with COVID-19, has COVID-19 symptoms, or has been in contact with someone who has tested positive for COVID-19. The student must also notify the College directly through the self-reporting tool on the Polk State webpage. The student is responsible for communicating his or her status with the professor should there be a need for isolation or quarantine similar to how they would address other illnesses and unforeseen conditions.

When on campus:

  • The College strongly recommends that each student, whether vaccinated or unvaccinated, wear a mask or face covering while indoors on campus. A professor may offer office hours in various formats including face-to-face meetings, video conferencing, email, or telephone. The professor may require the student to wear a mask or cloth face covering during an office meeting. Any student who does not feel comfortable complying with this requirement may use other modes of communication to connect with the professor.
  • Each student is strongly encouraged to practice social distancing while on campus, keeping at least six feet of separation from others when possible and avoiding crowded hallways, stairwells, and other enclosed spaces.
  • Any student who is unvaccinated (or who has health concerns) should maintain six feet of social distance in classroom and lab settings, or work with the professor to arrange for special seating arrangements or accommodations (as possible).
  • A student who is currently unvaccinated is strongly encouraged to get vaccinated. The College website lists information regarding on-campus vaccination events (polk.edu/vaccine). An unvaccinated student is also encouraged to follow the CDC’s guidance regarding protection from COVID-19 infection (www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/prevention.html).
  • Any student who begins to feel ill or who experiences symptoms such as sneezing, coughing, or fever while on campus should immediately return home, notify his or her professor(s), and call a healthcare provider if symptoms worsen. Additionally, any student exhibiting these symptoms may be sent home by his or her professor and instructed to complete the COVID Reporting Tool.

In the interest of health and safety, an instructor has the right to ask any student who fails to comply with these requirements to leave class. If a student refuses to comply, per Polk State College Rule 4.01: Code of Student Conduct for Students and Student Organizations, the professor has the right to refer the non-compliant student to a Student Services administrator for disciplinary action and to cancel class for the day.

Guidance about how to prevent the spread of COVID-19 is available through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (www.cdc.gov/coronavirus). Additionally, Be the Solution: Polk State College’s Return to Campus Plan is available online and provides information about the College’s response to the public health crisis (www.polk.edu/campus-safety-security/covid-19). Each student is encouraged to direct questions about these requirements to a campus-based associate dean or a professor. The Executive Dean of Student Services, Dr. Pakowski, may be reached by email at lpakowski@polk.edu.

 

Evaluative Criteria:

Multiple choice tests , take-home and scheduled in class, quizzes, equipment/procedure check-offs, individual projects and assignments, group activities and professional behaviors.

Assignments and/or projects that may be assigned are to be submitted on the designated date, during the class period. No assignments or projects will be accepted after the class has adjourned, unless arrangements have been made between the student and the instructor. Students failing to submit assignments on time and not following procedures will get a zero (0). Final Course grade will be determined as an average of tests, quizzes, and the final comprehensive exam. A grade of “C” or 78% must be made to satisfactorily complete this course. Professional behavior will be 15% of the final grade. This will include behavior (see the AARC Statement of Ethics and Professional Conduct) as well as participation in assigned activities as the Polk Fall Fest, Respiratory Care Week and other social activities.

Grading Scale:  
92.5 - 100                 A
88.5 - 92.4                B+
83.5 - 88.4                B
80.5 - 83.4                C+
77.5 -80.4                  C
70.5- 77.4                  D+
65.5-70.4                   D
Below 65.4                 F

 

Attendance:

Regular attendance in the classroom and laboratory sessions is mandatory. When three (3) unexcused absences are accumulated, the student may be issued a written warning. If an additional absence occurs, the student may be dropped from the program in accordance with the attendance policies outlined in the general college catalog. In no case will a student receive a passing grade for a course if more than twenty-percent (20%) of scheduled lectures is missed.

 

Work Missed:

No Make-ups will be given for missed exams, quizzes, assignments, or projects unless the condition falls under extended medical, military leave, or family emergency . If any of these work items are missed, the grade assigned will be a zero (0). Students who need to be on extended medical, military leave and/or family emergency must submit copies of official documents to the program manager. 

 


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